Frueds Concept Of The Uncanny Essays - Freudian Psychology, Complex

Frued's Concept Of The Uncanny Freud's Concept of the Uncanny When a person experiences chills or goose bumps as a reaction to something strange or unusual, they are being affected by a sense of uncanniness. The psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud endeavored to explain this feeling of uncanniness in his essay entitled ?The Uncanny?. Freud's theory focuses around two different causes for this reaction. Freud attributes the feeling of uncanniness to repressed infantile complexes that have been revived by some impression, or when primitive beliefs that have been surmounted seem once more to be confirmed. The first point of his theory that Freud discusses in the essay is the repression of infantile complexes that cause an uncanny experience. Freud uses E.T.A. Hoffman's short story, ?The Sandman?, to explain the idea of repression of infantile complexes. The story centers around the character of the Sandman, who steals the eyes of children. Freud states that the fear that the character Nathaniel feels towards the Sandman has more to due with an infantile castration complex than with the actual fear of losing his eyes. In Freud's theory he states that the ?Study of dreams, phantasies and myths has taught us that a morbid anxiety connected with the eyes and with going blind is often enough a substitute for the dread of castration?(Freud 383). If Freud's belief is true, than it is Nathaniel's fear of castration that causes him in the end to go mad and throw himself from parapet. Nathaniel's fear is embodied in the character of the Sandman, whom Freud says represents Nathaniel's father, and thus is the cause of his fear of castration. The Greek tragedy Oedipus Rex would also be affected by Freud's theory. When examining Oedipus' action of blinding himself once he hears the truth about his parentage, it would have to be determined that he blinds himself as a symbolic castration. This statement is supported by the laws of ancient Greek society which would have called for his castration due to the incest with his mother. While the infantile castration complex is the only one Freud goes into detail with in the essay, there are many others that would cause uncanniness if they were revived. The reason for this is that once the child grows up these complexes are hidden deep within the subconscious and are totally without logical reason. The adult does not realize that he fears castration, instead he can only rationally explain his fear as that of being blinded. The feelings of childhood remain with us throughout adult life but they are only faintly perceptible, and this too can cause uncanniness. The foggy remembrance of a sensation that can no longer be grasped but still affects our emotions in ways that we can not explain to ourselves. The second point of Freud's theory states that uncanniness is experienced when primitive beliefs which have been surmounted seem once more to be confirmed. These surmounted beliefs are usually beliefs concerning the after-life, magic, and other such supernatural things that were once part of early man's belief system. This part of his theory is closely connected to superstition. For example, most modern individuals do not believe in the existence of ghosts, yet some religions bless houses. The question arises then, why would a blessing be necessary without the fear of an evil or simply supernatural presence in the house? To explain this part of his theory Freud focuses a great deal on our relation to death. He states that ?there is scarcely any other matter...upon which our thoughts and feelings have changed so little since the earliest times, and in which discarded forms have been so completely preserved under a thin disguise?(Freud 395). A modern day example of the idea of death causing uncanniness can be found in the recent film, The Sixth Sense. This film deals with ability of a little boy to see the spirits of dead people all around him. The source of the viewers' uncanniness is a result of more than simply fear, it is as Freud states due to primitive beliefs that have been surmounted, which are now being confirmed. The audience which this film targeted most likely do not believe in the spirits of the dead walking among the living, yet many generations ago this was considered a valid belief. For instance, an ancient Middle Eastern society that existed in what is modern day Syria sometime around the Neolithic era would bury dead relatives under the floor of their houses because they believed that this would keep the family member with them. They felt that the close proximity of the corpse would enable the spirit of the deceased to reside in the house. The

Teaching Social Skills in Special Education

Teaching Social Skills in Special Education Social skills are critical for long-term success. Sometimes referred to as Emotional Intelligence, it is a combination of the ability to understand and manage ones own emotional state (Intra-personal Intelligence in Howard Gardners Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences) and the ability to understand and respond to other people. Although social skills include understanding and using social conventions, it also includes the ability to understand the Hidden Curriculum, the ways in which peers communicate and interact reciprocity, and the ability to build interpersonal relationships. Social Conventions Difficulty with social skills and deficits in social skills are found to different degrees across abilities as well as disabilities. Both children with disabilities and children from low socio-economic groups may not have an extensive understanding of social conventions and may need instruction in conventions such as: Appropriate greetings depending on relationships: i.e. peer to peer or child to adultAppropriate and polite ways to make requests (please) and express gratitude (thank you)Addressing adultsShaking handsTaking turnsSharingGiving positive feedback (praise) to peers, no put-downsCooperation Intra-Personal Social Skills, or Managing Ones Self Difficulty managing ones own emotional state, especially tantrums or aggression in response to frustration, is common in children with disabilities. Children for whom this is the primary disabling condition are often diagnosed with an emotional or behavioral disorder,  which may be designated as emotional support, severely emotionally challenged, or conduct disorder. Many children with disabilities may be less mature than their typical peers and may reflect less understanding of how to manage their own emotions. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders commonly have difficulty with emotional self-regulation and understanding emotion. Difficulty  with social situations is a component of the diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders, which reflects deficits in understanding and expression of their own emotional states. Emotional Literacy needs to be explicitly taught to students, especially students with emotional and behavioral disorders and children with autism spectrum disorders. This requires teaching the ability to identify emotions by looking at faces, the ability to identify cause and effect for emotions and scenarios, and learning appropriate ways to deal with personal emotional states. Behavioral contracts are often useful tools for students with poor self-regulation skills, both to teach and self-monitor difficulty with self-regulation as well as teach and reward appropriate or replacement behavior. Inter-Personal Social Skills The ability to understand others emotional states, wants, and needs are critical not only for success in school but also success in life. It is also a quality of life issue, which will help students with and without disabilities to build relationships, find happiness, and succeed economically. It can also contribute to a positive classroom environment. Appropriate interactions: Children with disabilities, especially Autism Spectrum Disorders, often need to be taught appropriate social interactions, such as making requests, initiating interactions, sharing, exercising reciprocity (give and take), and turn taking. Teaching appropriate interactions can involve modeling, role-playing, scripting, and social narratives. Successfully learning and generalizing of appropriate interactions requires lots of practice.Understanding and building relationships: Children with disabilities often do not have the skills to initiate and sustain mutual relationships. In cases with students with Autism Spectrum Disorders, they need to be explicitly taught the components of friendship or relationships. Building and Generalizing Skills Students with disabilities have problems both with acquiring and applying social skills. They need lots of practice. Successful ways to learn and generalize social skills include: Modeling: The teacher and an aide or another teacher enact the social interactions you want students to learn.Video self-modeling: You videotape the student performing the social skill with lots of prompting, and edit out the prompting to create a more seamless digital recording. This video, paired with rehearsal, will support the students effort to generalize the social skill.Cartoon strip social interactions: Introduced by Carol Gray as Comic Strip Conversations, these cartoons let your students fill in the thought and speech bubbles before they role-play a conversation. Research has shown that these are effective ways to help students build social interaction skills.Role-playing: Practice is essential for maintaining social skills. Role-playing is a great way to give students an opportunity not only to practice the skills they are learning but also to teach students to evaluate each others or their own performance of skills.

Question 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Question 3 - Essay Example There are over 62 million women in the United States of childbearing age from 15 to 44 years (â€Å"Facts†). This represents the potential target market for Oxylent. The primary market has been identified as women aged between 28 to 40 years. Currently, the Prenatal Oxylent pack is designed to contain 30 packets; further market research is necessary to establish whether additional packaging units must be made for 7, 60 and 90 packets. Additional research is also necessary with respect to advertising and distribution. The product has been pretested for purity as well as potency; further market tests will be conducted using stratified samples for possible side effects. The product will be available nationwide using a market penetration strategy, along with a strong advertising effort. Oxylent will be launched by the second quarter of this fiscal year and is expected to achieve strong market growth soon. The marketing strategies for the product have been designed to snare a ten to twenty percent market share in the first year. The Development stage is nearly wrapped up and product introduction is expected now. Sales volume is expected to be steep due to pricing strategy, strong relationship building and product innovativeness. As opposed to tablets that have to be swallowed or chewed, this innovative powder has a fruity flavor and is easily dissolved in water, making it easier for pregnant women to consume it. Furthermore, the product contains zero gluten, lactose, caffeine, artificial flavors and sugar. This product USP sets this product apart from competition and attracts women. To ensure sustained market growth this USP needs to be communicated to the target market. â€Å"Vitalah Introduces Prenatal Oxylent— An Innovative, Easy-to-Digest, Great-Tasting Effervescent and the Official Prenatal Multivitamin of the American Pregnancy Association.† Americanpregnancy. American Pregnancy

Methods of research that warrant the use of qualitative research Essay

Methods of research that warrant the use of qualitative research methods in Criminal Justice - Essay Example Qualitative research is deemed as the more superior way with which to conduct important and meaningful research in the field of criminal justice/security management. Qualitative research methods provide several advantages which enhance the intensity of understanding with regard to the operations of justice system; criminals and crime as well as allowing for data processing that supersedes statistically oriented conclusions arrived at through the use of quantitative research methods. This mainly because of the difference in information due to the means of data collection applied, data analysis which generally provides a wealth of information on subjects being studied. Knowledge gained therein provides more information, is richer and allows for more concrete understanding. In this paper, I intend to discuss and analyze the types of research that warrant the use of qualitative methods in criminal justice/security management research.... myriad of intellectual techniques so as to effectively and efficiently facilitate for the organization, management, analysis and interpretation of data collected. Researchers in criminal justice/ security management use qualitative research which accords them the challenge to look for meaningful ways with which the acquired data can be produce workable trends and patterns required for meaningful research (Copes, Brown & Tewksbury, 2011). It is important to note that there are of course generally accepted guidelines in qualitative research which offer guidance as to how researchers can apply qualitative data information, actual tasks, and undertakings of data and information gathering, analysis as well as interpretation while ensuring an acceptable degree of innovativeness and creativity. Data collected and applied in qualitative research is sourced from a variety of data collection methods. These types include individual interviews, observing people, social interactions and place, an alysis of various forms of media, content guided conversations with regard to focus groups and personal engagements with respects to research sample settings in an effort to better understand how, where, when and what social interactions and social structures affect criminal justice/security management research studies (Copes, Brown & Tewksbury, 2011). Each and every one of these types of data collection differ, more so with the source and origin of data as well as in the means with which researchers carry out real time tasks towards the collection of raw data while also comparing these with similar and regularly realized events things and or situations. Interviews Interviews are in a nutshell structured conversations carried out by researchers with individual members of society in an

Identify the five bases or sources of power within a given Essay

Identify the five bases or sources of power within a given organization and Define the relationship between power and dependency in an organizational setting - Essay Example Formal power is manifested through the position assumed in the organization. In the case scenario, Employee 1’s performance is motivated by reward power; defined as the encouragement provided by the marketing manager to work beyond the regular and standard working hours to generate and avail of a large bonus from exemplary performance and who generates superior rating based on the yearly performance evaluation. Employee 1 had been aiming to achieve a superior rating by coming to work even on weekends and by staying up beyond working hours to ensure that work done is complete and accurate. Further, Employee 1 has been with the corporation for 12 years attesting to loyalty and dedication to his work. On the other hand, Employee 2 exemplifies exhibiting coercive power. His ability to negotiate with the accounting manager for a four-day work week due to his competence in being the only employee with knowledge in the preparation of financial statements manifests the fear of management not to give in to his requests; otherwise, the required financial statements would not be prepared. Legitimate power is hereby manifested by the managers in the organization, specifically the accounting manager, who was able to approve the four-day work week for Employee 2 and the marketing manager who encourages employees to exhibit exemplary performance by promising a large yearend bonus bases on superior rating. Personal power is possessed even if employees do not have formal power in the organization. This is manifested by Employee 3 through his charismatic character and personality. In addition, Employee 3 exudes with referent power, where, as Robbins and Judge emphasized, â€Å"some people have referent power who, while not in formal leadership positions, nevertheless are able to exert influence over others because of their charismatic dynamism, likeability, and emotional effects

The positives and negatives of Formal and Informal Assessments

The positives and negatives of Formal and Informal Assessments Formal and informal assessments are two specific procedures that teachers use to evaluate and grade their students. Both formal and informal formative assessments involve gathering, interpreting, and acting on information (Ruiz-Primo Furtak,2004, p. 4). Formal assessments are standardized exams used by a state to reflect on particular grade level to measure a students academic abilities. These exams are administered in the same way every time with a time restriction and instructions to how the exam should be graded. In contrast, informal assessments are exams or activities designed to specially review or test students knowledge on a certain academic subject taught by their teacher. I will be discussing the advantage and disadvantage for two different forms of formal assessment and four types of informal assessments methods. The two formal assessments are norm-referenced and criterion-referenced. Norm-referenced are standardized tests and are linked to inter individual differences (Gargiulo, 2008, p.65). This test compares the students skill to other students in the similar age group. Statistical method is used to determine how the student did. For example first grade students were tested and the outcome is used in a statistical method. You would be able to see how each student ranked. For example, Jon scored at the 50th percentile among his class. There are advantages and disadvantages in using norm referenced testing. One advantage to this method is it can determine whether a student may need special services. For example, if the student scores less than standard norm for reading, they will receive special services to aid them in this subject. Another advantage to this method is it allows parents to see how their childs academic results are compared to their peers. For example, Julie performs at 86 percentile in her class. This means that Julie performed better than 86% from her classmates. As there are advantages, there are disadvantages. One disadvantage to this method is it consists of broad academic information and may not consist of current classroom content. Another disadvantage is it does not fully capture a students academic abilities on problem solving, decision making, social skills, nor their ability elaborate on certain topic. In contrast, Criterion-referenced tests are associated with intra individual differences and can provide data that is useful for instructional planning (Gargiulo, 2008, p.66). For example, a math problem is given to a student to see if the student is able to add two digit numbers. The outcome is strictly based on whether the student did or did not answer the problem correctly. The first advantage to this test is it can compare a students individual performance from their previous one. For example, Aprils current test indicated her reading skills have improved from last quarter. Aprils results are not compared to how well she did among her classmates instead it compares to her individual progress. Another advantage to this test it can assist a teacher to figure out each students academic strengths and weakness. A teacher can guide and assign additional help in the areas where students need improvement. The downfall to this method is it cannot compare student academic performance to ot her schools or districts. For example, a teacher will not be able to compare her students success to other classes nor to other schools. Another disadvantage is creating a valid exam for students. Designing an exam needs to meet specific standards plus its time consuming for teachers to work around their daily responsibilities. The following are the four types of informal assessments that can be used in a classroom which are an essay exam, a classroom game, walk around method, and a multiple choice exam. The first informal assessment is an essay exam. Essay exams are questions based on a certain lesson or topic where a student needs to provide a written answer. Depending on the exam instructions students may only need to write a couple of paragraphs or several pages in length. The following are two advantages in using an essay exam to test students. First, students have the opportunity to express their thoughts and demonstrate their level of comprehension on a certain question. The second advantage, students begin to construct and analyze how to answer each question. For example, the instruction on the essay says to please explain the difference between a mammal and an amphibian. The student first needs to analyze the differences between the two species and then construct examples to elaborate on the question. An issue does represent itself; this type of method is time consuming for both the student and teacher. The students need plenty of time to answer and write an essay and the te acher needs time to evaluate and grade each paper. The second disadvantage, teachers must be aware of their biases when writing a question where students need to agree or disagree on a certain topic. This disadvantage may get in the way of grading papers accurately. A teacher needs to be aware of their bias and base their grading on the students response not if they agree or disagree with their student. Another informal way to evaluate a students progress is a classroom game. A Classroom game creates an opportunity for students to apply their knowledge and encourages them to learn. For example, the class is divided into four groups to play a game of Jeopardy. The game of Jeopardy consists of questions on a certain academic subject. An advantage to this method is it promotes cooperative learning. Students are learning how to interact, collaborate, and work together with their peers to answer questions. Working together provides positive reinforcements for students to develop social skills and trust among their team members. Another advantage it motivates students to apply their own knowledge and retain new information as they play the game. A game will keep students alert and encourages participation which will lead to learning. Since students are divided into groups not every student is participating or collaborating on every question and this is downfall to this method. Even though each student has an opportunity to answer a question, the group is judged as a whole not the individual knowledge to every question but the ones they answer. Another disadvantage to this method does not provide enough feedback to a teacher to determine which students needs additional assistance in comprehending the current subject. The third informal assessment is the walk-around. This assessment requires the teacher to interact with each student as they work together as a group or individually. The teacher is actively observing and assisting students to stay on task. The advantage to this method it allows the teacher to interact with students individually or as a group to answer any concerns or assist them in understanding their assignment. The second advantage is the one on one conference. The teacher uses the one on one conference to talk to the students for five or ten minutes. This conference offers attention, and additional help in instructions for students(Cole,1999,p.4). This type of interaction builds trust and improves the communication between teacher and student. A downside to walk around assessment is giving each student or groups the same amount of time to answer questions or concerns. Since every student or groups have different questions, some may need additional assistance than others. This may cause some behavior issues or delay some students in completing their assignment. Another issue is making sure every student understands the material or contributing their work to their group. The teacher needs to give every student an opportunity to talk and demonstrate they understand the assignment. Lastly, the multiple-choice test is another assessment used in a classroom. Multiple choice tests consist of questions and a list of possible answers for each question. An upside to this method students begin to access their knowledge and apply it to every question by eliminating misleading choices. This method is also an advantage for teachers as well. The grading is less time consuming than other methods and easier to narrow down where the students are having difficulties. A disadvantage for students is it may cause them some confusion or frustration when the exams are poorly written. Poor written exams consist of tricky options to choose from, for instance having two possible answers. The second disadvantage for students is not being able to understand a question. This may lead the students to guess on answers they are not able to comprehend due to reading difficulties or a poor written exam. This may lead to inappropriate score on the students progress or knowledge. In conclusion, both formal and informal assessments consist of advantages and disadvantages that a teacher should consider and understand before administrating these assessments. Assessments are necessary to pinpoint students academic strengths and weaknesses. This allows a teacher to provide additional assistance to students that are struggling. Without assessments teachers will not be able to properly evaluate and assist students.

Investigative Reporting :: essays research papers

Investigative Reporting In the seventeenth century the puritans lived through relationships, religion, community, discipline and punishment in a way that would bring honor and glory to God. In The Scarlet Letter, the puritans of seventeenth century Boston society were a fate driven religious group that would not accept sin of any kind without punishment. The type of punishment they would use the most was that of public humiliation and to be taunted by the community around the one who committed the crime or sin. In Hester Prynne’s case, her crime was adultery, which was most commonly punishable by death. Instead of death, the community branded Hester Prynne with a letter â€Å"A† for the rest of her life and made her stand in front of the whole community as an example for everyone that sin and corruption was not accepted in their society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Relationships between men and women were very constrained, which is what made adultery such a bad sin in the eyes of everyone of the community. Men had more rights than women did and that is why anything Hester would have said could not have possibly helped her. Religion seemed to be what governed over all, people would look up to reverends and the community believed that fate was their destiny. In the seventeenth century everything was very strict and everyone was expected to to follow the laws, which makes Hester’s sin such a good example of the beliefs of that time period. This type of punishment was used not only to humiliate, but to discourage people from breaking the laws and committing the same sin or crime.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As the nineteenth century came about Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote The Scarlet Letter, making the setting in Boston, taking place in the seventeenth century. Although The Scarlet Letter was written about seventeenth century Salem, the problems of the past affect the future as evidenced by the personal guilt that Hawthorne, being of a Puritan heritage, reveals concerning his past. The nineteenth century was a place of change for different people, different places, and different situations. Fore example: women were gaining more rights, the revolutionary changes of the Civil War affected history and technology, also education was on the rise. People no longer treated women as inferior’s but as equals. Sin was still viewed as bad, but it was no longer punished by humiliation and death but as to be settled with God himself.

Ib Business Steeple Analysis –

Every country has its own legislations however in the course of achieving their aims and objectives, businesses face challenges from both within and outside of their organizations. Those internal and external opportunities and risks will effect a firm’s gradual performance, therefore to analyze these factors and understand them to carry out effective decisions we use something called the STEEPLE analysis. STEEPLE analyses and examines the context in which the authority operates.Identifies key issues that exists (or are emerging) in the internal and external environment, by suggests how these will or may impact on the future strategy and resources. The factors are identified in these 7 areas: Social: Factors that include cultural aspects and include health consciousness that represents opportunities and threats to a business. They include aspects like income distribution, demographics, labor/social mobility, poverty levels e. t. c. For example Multiculturalism has led to a majo r boom in the trade of exports from different cultural backgrounds.Starbucks is known as a respectable employer and a business that values the workforce. They were even mentioned in the ‘Fortune Top 100 companies to work for’ in 2005. Technology: The efficiency of spending on technological advancements that may benefit or become a problem to the company. For example the new technological advancements can hinder the development of the business because of the high costs that are put into advancing the technology can interfere with the performance of the business.Hong Kong consumers are mostly capable in using computer based platforms because of highly technologically savvy population the consumers tend to look at the factor of convenience to their advantage. Therefore Starbucks has an opportunity to start a platform that will essentially provide to this need of consuming the wide public. Economic: The economic state of where the business operates is defined by inflation, unemployment, economic growth and international trade.Not only are there these four variables that determines the state of the economy but the consumer and business confidence level also determines the state of the economy that they are operating in. For example the actions of rival firms can alter performances of businesses. Hong Kong has faced a considerable flow of traffic involving tourist and travelers present in Hong Kong. A lot of mainlanders and travelers from neighboring regions have started swarming in Hong Kong due to the opening of Disneyland in 2002.The large rise of the number of consumers available in Hong Kong, whom are mostly very well off have therefore raise the consumer confidence overall. External environment: The factors that may effect any business activity and issues that should be addressed in any business strategy carried out. They include business strategies like the potential cost and benefits of a joint venture, marketing planning (like threats from othe r rival businesses), business propositions (whether to further expand the business internationally or not). Starbucks company has the opportunity to expand its global operations.Starbucks has already created branches located all globally. There are just as many Starbucks available in Hong Kong have opened over 60 new shops by the end of 2005. New markets for coffee such as India and the around the Pacific rims are beginning to emerge. Political: Government legislations like employment law, consumer protection rights, copyrights and trademark and regulations used as boundaries for the business to operate within. For example the Hong Kong government’s minimum wage policy that sets a boundary for all businesses to operate within.As Hong Kong (HKSAR) has been under the rule of mainland China for several years after the handover by the British government. Nevertheless it has business friendly laws in the land. These liberties allow Starbuck Coffee Company to be capable of operatin g internationally in Hong Kong. However it has to follow the general legislations and regulations imposed by the HK government. Legal: The government imposes various rules and regulations to ensure the protection of the general public from the negative aspects of businesses. These legislations are normally to protect consumers, competing firms, employees, the social environment e. . c. Ethics: The moral principle that should be considered during decision making in a business. For example, what is the right thing to do and what is the wrong thing to do. Minimum wage is morally right because there are people that work for the least amount of wage possible where you can not even afford a meal for a day. For those that are in need, minimum wage is morally right. Starbucks as an organization has strong ethical view and an ethical mission statement with strong ethical values as follows, ‘Starbucks is committed to a role of environmental leadership in all facts of our businessâ€℠¢.

Origin of Major World Religions

Origin of Major World Religions Islam is a monotheistic religion that was founded by Prophet Muhammad, a visionary leader from Arabia, centuries after Jesuss coming. Islam religion considers Allah to be their God and believes in Muhammad’s revelations detailed in the Quran.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Origin of Major World Religions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Prophet Muhammad’s writings are valued by Muslims who consider them as flawless, which are final revelations of God. Christianity, on the other hand, is based on the teachings contained in the holy book, the Bible. They believe in an eternal, all-powerful and all-knowing God personified in Trinity. Christians believe that God created the universe and everything within it including human beings. Judaism is based on Tora which are the Old Testament books written by Moses. Similarities Revelation is considered to be the basis of the world major religions such as Christiani ty, Islam and Judaism. According to Judaism, their major goal was not connected with the knowledge of God but with an intimate and immediate communion with God. The three religions, also known as Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam), share the commonality that consists in the fact that God does exist capable of revealing His will to humanity. These religions have profound documents which help the faithful distinguish between the false and true prophets. From historical books it is recorded that Abraham had two sons, Ishmael and Isaac. Islam religion considers Ishmael as the father of their religion while Christians and Jewish believe that Abraham’s second son, Isaac, is their patriarch. However, the similarity is based on the fact that Islamic and Jewish religions share a common ancestor, Abraham, and their patriarchs Ishmael and Isaac were blood brothers (Taylor).Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get y our first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Differences Judaism, Christianity and Islam are believed to have originated around 2000 BC from the covenant between ancestor Abraham and the God of the ancient Israelites (Heschel). The three religious beliefs point out the specific leaders who led Israelites out of Egyptian bondage to the Promised Land. Their texts describe leaders such as Moses as an outstanding leader who took Israelites out of captivity. The same leader provided people with the laws of God who was later succeeded by Joshua that led the multitudes into the Promised Land where they were ruled by kings. The first Israelite King was Saul who was succeeded by David and then Solomon, the son of David, who ultimately built the first temple in Jerusalem. The Jews believe in God who possesses absolute power and wisdom hence should be worshipped by all people (Taylor). Judaism regards the God as the one who rewards good deeds but punishes evil. The Jews believe that God made perfect all creations hence there is no need in salvation for people (Heschel). Judaism does not believe in the need for ones salvation, which is contrary to the Christians beliefs who affirm the fact that God sent His son Jesus Christ onto the Earth to redeem human kind from sin by dying upon the cross (Taylor). Conclusions In conclusion, it must be mentioned that the understanding of world religions requires one to have religious tolerance. There is need of bringing religions closer through establishment of some commonality based on identified similarities. Religious importance consists in the fact that it helps in understanding the world and everything within it is Gods handiwork. The same applies to revelation which helps in reflecting the will of God upon our lives as exposed through Holy Scriptures.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Origin of Major World Religions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hesc hel, Joshua.God in Search of Man: A Philosophy of Judaism, Chicago: Noonday, 1955. Print Heschel, Joshua.God in Search of Man: A Philosophy of Judaism,Westport, Connecticut: Aronson Inc., 1987. Taylor, John.The Theological Basis of Interfaith Dialogue, in J. Hick and B. Hebblethwaite, eds., Christianity and Other Religions, Philadelphia: Fortress, 1981 Taylor, Daniel.Deconstructing the gospel of tolerance, Minnesota: Bethel College, 1999. Print

Lab Report APA Format Essays

Lab Report APA Format Essays Lab Report APA Format Paper Lab Report APA Format Paper The purpose is also sometimes written as a separate section from the introduction. Theory (or Background pertaining to the experiment). This can include information from previous research, explanations of theories, methods or equations used, etc. ; for the example above, you might want to explain the theory behind acid/ base titration and a brief description of the setup and process you will use in the experiment. If research is done for this section, be sure to cite any sources used according to the instructors preference. Be careful to include only the information that a reader would need to know in order to understand the purpose and methods; the report should still be as straightforward as possible. In addition to the purpose and background information, the instructor may also ask students to provide the following items in the introduction section: A hypothesis What is expected to happen in the experiment based on background information. 4 Safety Information This is especially useful in chemistry classes, where toxic or flammable chemicals are often used. Regardless of the specific information required from the instructor, the main Ochs of the introduction should be on helping the reader to understand the purpose, methods, and reasons these particular methods are being used. Method Materials This is usually a simple listing of the equipment used in the form of a billeted list, but it should be complete and accurate. Graphics of more complex setups may also be included if they would be helpful. Procedure This section includes the process of the experiment exactly as it was done in the laboratory. Usually the procedure is written out in paragraph form, but it may also be written out step-by-step in the form of a numbered list. Some instructors allow a citation to the lab manual for this section (Ex: aha process in the laboratory manual for BIO 102 was used. ); however, if the lab manual is cited, any changes made to that procedure should be noted. There should not be any results (things that happened when the procedure was being carried out) included in this section; only include the procedures carried out. A good rule of thumb for writing complete but concise experimental procedures is to include enough information so that others who read the report would be able to duplicate the experiment at a later date. 5 Results This section contains all the results of the experiment, including the tables and figures. The key to making tables and figures effective is to refer to and explain each one in the body of the paper. Organized the graphs or tables in the Appendix. Important results in verbal form. For the main results that will be expanded upon in the discussion section, use complete sentences (i. E. The percentage of acetic acid in vinegar was calculated to be 4. 982 %). This will help the key results to stand out from all the calculations, tables, and figures that normally dominate the results section. Calculations. Usually, only a sample of each calculation is needed. For example, if the percentage of acetic acid in 10 samples of vinegar has to be calculated and then averaged, write out the calculation for only one of them, then mention that the calculation was repeated for 10 samples and give the average of all 10. Correct significant figures should be used in all . Make sure units (CM. Ml, etc. ) are included in all calculations, and that major results of each calculation stand out from the rest of the numbers. Discussion The discussion section is the most important part of the report. This is the section where the results are explained, and a student can show the instructor that he or she has a thorough understanding of the concept of the experiment and the results obtained. The main question to be addressed in this section is What is the significance of the results? Here are some strategies to help focus your discussion: Compare expected results with actual results. If the experiment 6 did not turn out exactly as expected, think about why the results might have been different and try to explain why you got the results you did. Analyze experimental error. There is a degree of error in every experiment, so every lab report should mention potential causes of error. Be specific about what caused the error. Was it due to the equipment? Impurity of the sample? Errors in calculations? Explain how the methods could be improved. Once you have decided what might have caused error, you should explain how the error might have been avoided. How could the setup be made more effective? Should you have been more careful with measurements? How could contamination have been prevented more effectively? Should more precise equipment be used? Explain the results in terms of the purpose. If the original purpose of the experiment was achieved, explain how the results show that the purpose was accomplished. For example, if the purpose was to determine the percentage of acetic acid in vinegar, you could research the real percentage of acetic acid in most commercial vinegars and compare that to the calculated result from the experiment. A small difference would indicate that the percentage calculated was very close to the actual percentage and the purpose was accomplished. If the purpose was not achieved, prove this by the results in a similar fashion. Relate the results to those of other, similar experiments. Depending on the nature of the experiment and the instructors preferences, you may want to compare your results to those of the rest of the class. If your results were similar to the others, this can be an indication that they were reasonably accurate. If they were very different, explain why they may have been different. Conclusion This section includes only one or two sentences that summarize definitive conclusions from the results. Here is an example of a conclusion for the acetic acid experiment used in earlier examples: 7 From a comparison of the results of the experimental calculations with the aroma value for percent acetic acid in vinegar, it can be concluded that the percentage of acetic acid in the sample used in this experiment was about 4. 982%.

Rodney King Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rodney King Case - Essay Example The driver of the speeding vehicle was Rodney Glenn King. He and two fellow passengers were intoxicated at that time. When the car chase ended, the other two did not resist arrest but Rodney King did. According to the police officers present at the scene, he acted aggressively, seemingly threatening the officers. So, they beat him. In fact, within a few minutes 4 officers had badly kicked Rodney King, shocked him, and used a taser gun and batons. Rodney King sustained eleven skull fractures and major kidney damage (VanHise, n.d.). Had it not been for George Holliday no one would have known of this in-humane behavior. George lived in a nearby flat and happened to have a camera with which he recorded the entire incident. He later gave the tape to a local news channel and by the next day, March 4th 1991, the video was playing on news channels everywhere (BBC, 2002). LAPD maintained that officers acted in self-defense. But the now infamous George Holliday video showed a merciless beating of a man who apparently possessed no weapons of any kind and was under the influence of alcohol and looked to be harmless. The video tape got humongous publicity, and due to the public outrage brought on by it, prosecutors filed charges against some of the police officers involved that night (BBC, 2002). ... Everyone reacted with disbelief but for many, the very first emotion they felt was anger. Jury’s decision was the last spark needed to ignite riots from thousands of people from suppressed communities of Los Angeles (CNN Wire Staff. 2011). Three days of rioting ensued causing a loss of nearly $1 billion in L.A. alone. The riots then extended to other U.S. cities as well leading to 12000 arrests, 2000 reported injuries and 55 deaths. The extensive riots led to a federal civil rights trial of the four accused officers (Delk, 1995). This time around justice was served. The grand jury returned indictments against the officers on the 4th of August. The indictments were for three of the police officers for knowingly and deliberately harming an unarmed individual. Koon was accused because he allowed this illegal act to proceed and did not make an attempt to prevent it from happening. A compensation of 3.8 million dollars was given to Rodney as well (Linder, 2011). That beating on Mar ch 3, 1991 was not King’s last run-in with the law. In the years following the trial he was arrested many times. He has been arrested on charges of domestic abuse, DUI, robbing a convenience store and beating the clerk. Most of his problems stem from his addiction to alcohol. King’s parole officer Tim Fowler, describes him as a guy who can intelligently function in society. His problem, according to Tim, is alcoholism. King started drinking at an early age. Born is Sacramento in 1965, King was an exceptional athlete at his school and was attached to his father who passed away sooner than King would have liked. King helped his father in cleaning commercial buildings taking the late night shift of 5 pm to 2 am. This really disturbed his

Evaluation of the Queens Head Hotel Strategy Essay

Evaluation of the Queens Head Hotel Strategy - Essay Example Future recommendations for food and beverage operation will be provided and then advice Cullum about converting the other hotel restaurants in the group to a Giuseppe’s using the situation analysis as well as academic references to support the findings. Queen Head generates high revenue from providing food and beverage services to their customers. O’fallon and Rutherford (2011) noted that food and beverage is a term that is used in the hospitality industry to describe items in banquets and outside catering services. The department of food and beverage consists of kitchens, internal and external catering, restaurants, room service, and internal and external banqueting. The hotel requires a huge quantity of various staff members to cater to the needs and services of the customers outside and inside the hotel in order to facilitate the smooth running of the business. Developing a positive image on Facebook and other social media activities strengthens the food and beverage operations, as they are able to target many customers especially the middle-aged who frequently need to meet friends and hang out in the best restaurants. Giles-Gash family who operates about ten ventures in Southwestern part of England own Queens Head hotel. The hotel has a 50-cover restaurant, 50 bedrooms, a leisure complex, and a bar. Cullum is the younger son of the Giles-Gash who joined the business after completing his hospitality degree. Strianese et al. (2012) noted that the hotel provides a spectacular setting with its 16th Century fireplaces and bespoke chandeliers. They have a live performance venue where their customers can dance all night during the DJ nights. Cullum made a lot of money after taking over Giuseppe’s businesses as lots of profits were made during the first few months when the restaurant was new and it developed loyal customers during that period hence hope for more productivity. Hill et al. (2010) defined the trading position as the number of securities borrowed or owned by dealers or individuals. Queens Heads mainly deals with the hotel and restaurant business where they provide different traditional British cuisines to their customers and hold various events such as weddings and funeral teas.